HEAVY INDUSTRY
The first heavy industry enterprise was on the western side of Lake Illawarra at Kanahooka. The ill-fated refinery established by the Smelting Company of Australia Ltd began operation in 1897 but had ceased by 1908. The refining industry was re-established at Port Kembla which became the industrial centre of the Illawarra district.
| Dapto Smelters | Metal refining works at Kanahooka 1897-1908 |
| ER&S | Electrolytic Refining & Smelting Co, Port Kembla [1905-1995] |
| METAL MANUFACTURES | Metal Manufactures Ltd, Port Kembla |
| STEELWORKS | Includes AI&S, BHP and BlueScope |